Report at a glance
- Full official title
- State of the Climate in Asia 2025
- Publisher
- World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
- Date published
- 17 June 2026
- Companion report
- Significant Weather and Climate Events 2025, a supplement to the WMO State of the Climate 2025 reports
- Original source
- Official report page · Full report in the WMO Library · Supplement PDF
- Topics covered
- Heat, Water and floods, Glaciers, Oceans, Pakistan and South Asia
The answer in 3 sentences
What does the WMO State of the Climate in Asia 2025 report show?
The WMO's State of the Climate in Asia 2025 finds that Asia's average temperature in 2025 was 0.96°C above the 1991 to 2020 average, ranking between the second and fourth warmest year on record depending on the dataset. Asia's warming trend over 1991 to 2025 was roughly twice as strong as over 1961 to 1990, all 23 monitored glaciers in High Mountain Asia lost mass, and ocean heat in the region reached a new record. For Pakistan, the biggest event of 2025 was monsoon flooding, with 1,037 flood-related deaths reported during the season (Supplement, p. 6).
Key findings
- A very warm year for Asia. "The annual mean temperature over Asia in 2025 was 0.96 °C" above the 1991 to 2020 average, ranking between the second and fourth warmest year on record, depending on the dataset used. (WMO press release, 17 June 2026; key messages)
- Warming is speeding up. The warming trend during 1991 to 2025 was approximately twice that observed during 1961 to 1990. (WMO official report page; summary)
- Glaciers keep shrinking. For the 2025 glaciological year (October 2024 to September 2025), all 23 monitored glaciers in High Mountain Asia continued to lose mass. Multiple glacial lake outburst floods and glacier collapses were recorded in 2025. (WMO press release, 17 June 2026; key messages)
- Record ocean heat and sea level. Ocean heat content in the Asia region reached a new record in 2025, and sea level in the region reached its highest level since satellite records began. Marine heatwaves affected over 10 million km² from July to September. (WMO press release, 17 June 2026; key messages)
- Faster sea-level rise on South Asian coasts. Along the northern Indian Ocean coast, sea level rose faster than the global average of about 3.6 mm a year, reaching around 4.9 mm a year along the Indian coast. (WMO press release, 17 June 2026; key messages)
- Pakistan's monsoon floods. "The most severe impacts occurred in Pakistan, where 1 037 flood-related deaths were reported during the season." Over 229,000 houses were damaged or destroyed and over 3 million people needed assistance. (WMO Significant Weather and Climate Events 2025; p. 6)
- Wetter than normal, but not 2022. Pakistan's July to September monsoon rainfall in 2025 was 23% above the 1961 to 2010 average, compared with 77% above average in 2022. (WMO Significant Weather and Climate Events 2025; p. 6)
Key numbers
| Figure | What it measures | Year or period | Original source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.96°C | Asia's annual mean temperature above the 1991 to 2020 average | 2025 | WMO press release |
| About 2× | Warming trend in 1991 to 2025 compared with 1961 to 1990 | 1961 to 2025 | WMO report page |
| 23 of 23 | Monitored glaciers in High Mountain Asia that lost mass | Oct 2024 to Sep 2025 | WMO press release |
| 1,037 | Flood-related deaths reported in Pakistan during the monsoon season | 2025 | Supplement, p. 6 |
| Over 3 million | People in Pakistan requiring assistance after monsoon flooding | 2025 | Supplement, p. 6 |
| 23% above average | Pakistan's July to September monsoon rainfall (1961 to 2010 baseline); 2022 was 77% above | 2025 | Supplement, p. 6 |
Sources: WMO State of the Climate in Asia 2025 (2026) and WMO Significant Weather and Climate Events 2025 (2026). Where the official report page or press release gives a figure, we link to it directly.
What it means for Pakistan and South Asia
For Pakistan, 2025 was a flood year more than a heat year. Monsoon flooding caused the most severe impacts in South Asia, and Punjab was the hardest-hit province (Supplement, p. 6). Rainfall was well above normal, though far below the extreme of 2022.
The glacier findings matter for the Indus, which depends on meltwater from the high mountains. Continued glacier loss and more glacial lake outburst floods raise risks for communities in northern Pakistan and for water supplies downstream. Faster sea-level rise along northern Indian Ocean coasts is relevant to coastal Sindh and Balochistan, although the report does not give a figure for Karachi.
What the report does not say
- The 0.96°C figure is for Asia as a whole, compared with 1991 to 2020. It is not Pakistan's temperature, and it is not compared with pre-industrial times.
- The report does not describe a major South Asian heatwave in 2025. Heat in 2025 was most notable in East and Central Asia (Supplement, p. 7).
- It does not attribute individual events to climate change. That needs a separate attribution study.
- Sea-level rates are regional averages, not measurements for a single city.
How to cite this report
Please cite the original report, not this summary.
APA 7
World Meteorological Organization. (2026). State of the climate in Asia 2025. https://wmo.int/resources/publication-series/state-of-climate-asia/state-of-climate-asia-2025
Harvard
World Meteorological Organization (2026) State of the Climate in Asia 2025. Geneva: World Meteorological Organization. Available at: https://wmo.int/resources/publication-series/state-of-climate-asia/state-of-climate-asia-2025 (Accessed: 5 November 2026).